What are the precautions for endotracheal intubation?
2025-04-25
Tracheal intubation is an important medical procedure. The following precautions should be taken when using it:
• Before intubation
-Assess the patient: fully understand the patient's condition, age, gender, height, weight and other basic information, as well as the anatomical structure of the oral cavity and neck, determine the difficulty of intubation, and choose the appropriate tracheal tube model.
-Prepare equipment: ensure that the laryngoscope, tracheal tube, guide wire, dental pad, fixation device, suction device and other intubation equipment are complete and functioning properly.
• During intubation
-Operation specification: strictly follow the principle of aseptic operation, move gently, and avoid rough operation to damage the oral, pharyngeal and tracheal mucosa. When inserting the laryngoscope, be careful to avoid pressing the teeth and damaging the tongue.
-Confirm the position: After intubation, immediately confirm whether the tracheal tube is in the trachea by auscultating the breath sounds of both lungs, observing the rise and fall of the chest, and monitoring the end-tidal carbon dioxide to avoid mistakenly entering the esophagus.
• After intubation
-Fix the catheter: Properly fix the endotracheal tube to prevent it from shifting, twisting or falling out. A dedicated fixation device can be used to regularly check the firmness of the fixation.
-Monitoring and care: Closely observe the patient's vital signs, including respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, etc., and perform blood gas analysis regularly to understand the patient's respiratory function and internal environment status. Provide good airway care, clean up respiratory secretions in time, and keep the airway open.
-Prevention of complications: Pay attention to preventing complications such as infection, airway damage, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Use antibiotics rationally and strictly implement preventive measures for ventilator-associated pneumonia, such as raising the head of the bed and regularly changing the ventilator circuit, etc.
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